Food Additives and Unhealthiness

Food Additives and Unhealthiness What is a food additive? As stated by the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21-Food and Drugs, Food additives includes all substances not exempted by section 201(s) of the act, the intended use of which results or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, either in their becoming a component of food or otherwise affecting the characteristics of food. According to an article by S.E. Smith, food Additives are chemical substances added in food to enhance safety, flavor, appearance, and texture of the food. Without additives, several foods would be green and sour before they even get to the store shelves. Sugar would clump up together, mayonnaise would separate, and cotton candy would be hard as a rock. There are two types of food additives, direct and indirect. Direct Additives are those added to food intentionally, to create a desired look. Indirect additives are those that are added unintentionally while the food was being processed, packaged, stored, or howe ver it was handled. Most direct additives are listed on the food labels, since this is a general rule for manufacturers. Based on the EHSO website, there are five main reasons why food additives are used; to improve nutritional value; to maintain product consistency; to maintain its wholesomeness; provide leavening; and enhance the color and flavor. The use of food additives is one of the major issues today. It stirs confusion and concerns whether these additives being added to the foodstuff is in fact safe or dangerous. Food additives have been used for thousands of years. As there is no exact history of when and how food additives were discovered, it is assumed by researchers that additives were first used when humans have learned to preserve their crops on different harvesting times. However, the productivity of the food and achieving a desired look has been practiced for centuries, from the Egyptian to Roman times and up until today. Both groups have used food colorings, spices, and other additives to enhance the appearance and taste of their food. Historically, salt, herbs, and certain fats were used as processing aids. Salt was used to preserve hams, add flavor to the foods, and to control fermentation of vegetables and fishes. Given that there were no food inspections back in the days, food manufacturers took advantage of putting more than enough of additives in their food products and adulterating them, to deceive consumers. According to John Farley, chalks, whiting, and ashes of bones were u sed as flour in bread, and adulterations like this were commonly practiced then. Most people are not aware that food additives are in almost all the foods. They take the additives for granted. People who say they dont like chemicals in their food had better get used to it, stated Fergus Clydesdale Ph.D., A professor and head of the department of food science at the University of Massachusetts. Every food is made up of thousands of chemicals. More than 90 percent of food additives come from compounds that were originally found in nature. As more consumers demand for a more appealing and convenient food with vitamins and other nutritious ingredients that are lacking in ones body, manufacturers have developed food products that meet those demands using such chemical substances. In addition to that, companies have also produced food that lasts longer by using preservatives. However, before additives can be used in foods, manufacturers must first file a petition to the FDA for approval. The FDA regulates and goes through rigorous studies and tests to determine the amo unt of safety levels of different food additives before deciding to release it to the food industry. According to the FAIA, an association that represents UK manufacturers, without the use of food additives, the foods in the markets, restaurants, and even those cooked from home, would look and taste unusual, and the benefits that the additives have to offer would not exist. The FAIA, also known as the Food Additives and Ingredients Association, supports food additives and promotes their essentials to the public. They have concluded that having food additives and preservatives are necessary, especially in todays world where importing and exporting is becoming highly popular. As stated in their site, using additives reduces waste, and the need of farm lands, water, and energy. But, are people also aware of the downside of the chemical substances being added to their food? And how such additive can affect them if consumed too much? For centuries, and up to now, the food industry has been constantly producing chemical additives to manipulate, preserve and alter the food products. Such manipulation can have a great effect on ones body. Some consumers have concerns of whether all additives that have already been tested are actually safe or not. Even those that are approved by the FDA can be risky for those who have allergic reactions to such food because of the additives that were added in them. Many people are also concern of the side effects food additives have brought to them and their children. Common concerns include adverse reaction, ADHD, and other allergies. The people that are most affected by the use of food additives are the children, because they start consuming as infants, but human bodies were not developed to be exposed to a certain degree of chemicals and food additives. ADHD, otherwise known as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is one major concern for parents. According on webMD health news, there is a new study that insinuates that the use of chemical additives in the food can increase the cause of hyperactivity amongst children. Food colorings and preservatives affect a childs ability to focus and learn. A study in the UK acknowledged that artificial food colorings and other additives increases the mean level of hyperactivity in children aged 3 and 8 to 9 years. These children were divided into groups having 153 three-year-olds as one group and 144 eight to nine-year-old as the other. Both group received drinks containing sodium benzoate and artificial food colorings. These results showed an increase in overactive, im pulsive, and inattentive behavior. Monosodium glutamate is also one example that can severely affect a childs behavior. MSG is an excitotoxin, which means that it acts to over agitate the neurons of the central nervous system causing physical and psychological problems which can worsen and become permanent damages. Aside from ADHD, children and even adults can suffer from obesity as well. Even those that have been FDA approved can be a contribution to obesity. Children who ate processed foods in fast food restaurants ate at least 126 calories than on days they did not. Throughout the year, these children have gained about 13 pounds just from fast food. Sodium nitrate can be found in processed meats, as this is convenient, cheap, and can produce a lot, most fast food chains often choose this as their best choice of meat to provide to consumers. Sodium nitrate is actually dangerous, since it is believed to be the primary cause of pancreatic cancer in humans even if consumed with a moderate quantity. Manufacturers use this type of chemical substance because it turns the meat bright red, which again attracts consumers. Monosodium glutamate, again, is one of the main additives that can contribute to obesity. Up to now, scientists injects MSG on lab rats to use in diet and diabetes test studies, wher e they found out that monosodium glutamate can be a factor of obesity, but still, manufacturers use it to enhance flavor and induce consumers into liking their products. MSG is an addictive substance, causing people to eat more, thus leading to obesity. In fact, the dosage of prepackaged meals, fast foods, and other fast foods have increased each time, as the FDA has not set a limit of how much it can be added to the foods. They had asserted that it is safe to eat in any amount. The reason why MSG is added to food is because it helps the elderly eat more, as Glutamate Association stated, Studies have found that adding MSG to certain foods, such as soup and mashed potatoes, has been successful in increasing the food intake in institutionalized elderly populations. But this amino acid can agitate body organs especially the brain. Too much MSG in the brain can overexcite the neurons causing migraines and headaches as well. There are other symptoms that have been reported too; numbness, burning sensation, facial pressure or tightness, chest pain, headache, nausea, rapid heartbeat, drowsiness, weakness, and have difficulty breathing for people with asthma. Although, some might not have side effect, others can become very sick. Aside from obesity, these additives can cause other side effects as well. Another chemical additive people should be concerned about is aspartame, which has over 92 reported side effects, and one of them weight gainer. According to Janet Starr Hull, aspartame can lead to side effect and adverse reactions including; eye problems such as decreased in vision, pain in one or both eyes and blindness; ear problems such as hearing impairment; neurologic diseases like epileptic seizures, migraines, memory loss, and severe tremors; psychological ailments such as depression, insomnia, and aggression; and other serious reactions like birth defects, brain damage, death, and many more. Foods that include hydrogenated fats or oils can also contribute to ob esity. As a typical body, it is essential to have fatty acids to function normally, but a hydrogenated fat has zero essential fatty acids. It prevents the absorption of nutrients in other words its nutrient dead. So not only does it not have nutrients, it also takes away nutrients from other food. Another harmful type of fat is called trans fatty acids or TFA which is found in most processed foods. According to an article from the PR Newswire, pancreatic cancer is increased by 6700 percent due to the chemical additives that has been added during the processing of the meats. A study led by Dr. Ute Nothlings was done at the University of Hawaii having people eat a large amount of processed meats, revealed that although there is no specific evidence that sodium nitrate actually causes cancer, something in the processed meat triggers this. The chemical substances that were added during the packaging of the meat have somewhat contributed to causing cancer. There are a few studies that link processed food and pancreatic cancer together as to how sodium nitrate link up with leukemia and brain tumors in children and infants. Artificial food colors contain petroleum and other petrochemicals. According to an article on AvainWeb, the human body is not used to consuming petrochemicals due to the fact that it causes risk to the health. As the food companies want to attract consumers, manufa cturers use petrochemicals in their food products, without taking into account the health conditions it can affect on people. However, quite a few of artificial colors have been removed from stores and have also been prohibited, because it has been discovered that it can cause cancer. Even natural food color can be harmful too. Allergic reactions can still be triggered even with natural food additives. Carmine, which many people are not aware of, is made out of insects and other chemicals. It is used as a food dye in products such as juice, yogurt, ice cream, and candies. Soft drinks, flavored minerals, fruit drinks: these all contain benzene in them. Benzene is another additive that people should be alert of as this can cause nausea, rapid heart rate, and death. Based on the AvianWeb, benzene can lead to an acute myelogenous leukemia when consumed too much, which is a cancer of the blood-forming organs. Benzene can have major affect on the bone marrow and decreases red blood cells which can lead to anemia. Apart from those side effects, benzene can also affect the immune system due to excessive bleeding, which can increase a chance for infections. It is not certain, but they have also mentioned that benzene could affect fertility in men and irregular menstrual period and the decreasing in size of the ovaries for women. According to Jean Weiss, a contributor to MSN Health and Fitness, there is a few more food additives people should be aware of such as olestra, sulfite, sodium chloride, and even caffeine. Olestra is known as synthetic fat that inhibits fat from getting absorbed in ones digestive system. It can have serious side effects, as it grabs the beneficial nutrients out of the body. Useful nutrients like carotenoids, which protects the body from diseases including lung and prostate cancer, heart disease and macular degeneration. Apart from those diseases, olestra can also cause diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and other gastrointestinal problems. Sulfite is a common preservative that is used on dried fruits, bottled fruit drinks, gravies, and many more. Based on an article by Dr. Blaylock, this additive can also be harmful to ones health as it can be fatal, increase asthma symptoms for those who are asthmatics, causing damages to the nervous system, damaging ones brain or causing other brain dis eases like Alzheimers or Parkinsons. It can also cause depression, panic attacks, and anxiety. Allergies such as hives and anaphylaxis can also be triggered by being exposed to sulfites. Another additive that people are already aware of when shopping for groceries is sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is commonly known as table salt. Yes, it is used every day by almost everyone. Processed food usually contains a high level of sodium chloride, and people should really be careful. During the refining process, the 99.9 percent sodium chloride in the table salt will be lessened and the natural minerals will be stripped away and be replaced with aluminum and anti-caking agents. Consuming too much sodium chloride can affect ones kidney and adrenal glands, reduces calcium and other valuable nutrients found in the body. It can also contribute to high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke. Caffeine, which is found naturally in coffee, tea and cocoa, can elevate the stomach-acid secretion ca using peptic ulcers. It can also affect reproduction and cause birth defects such as cleft palates, missing fingers and deformity of the skull. Caffeine can be very addicting that is why some people have a hard time stopping themselves from consuming too much sodas, coffee, and other drinks containing this additive. People who try to withdraw themselves from using caffeine will have symptoms such as headaches, drowsiness, and bad tempers. Pregnant women or those who are planning to get pregnant should avoid consuming caffeine as this can cause birth defects and miscarriage. Avoiding toxins and the chemical additives mentioned is an important step to help improve lowering the risks of diseases. Toxins may affect ones health causing minor side effects and other health conditions. Those that have immediate effects may feel headaches, might feel a change in their energy level, and may affect their mental concentration, behavior or immune response. Those with long-term effects could be at risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other serious health conditions. By avoiding certain additives and by not consuming such chemical substances on a regular basis, it can help improve ones health resulting to a longer healthy life. Works Cited Blaylock, Russell. WEEKLY TIP: Sulfite Hidden Danger in Food. Newsmax Health.(May 2010). June 30, 2010. . Diseases Attributed to Food Additives. AvianWeb. AvianWeb LLC. June 30, 2010. . Environmental Health Safety Online. Advantages of Food Additives. (2006). June 28 2010. .Farley, John. Section II. Considerations On The Adulteration Of Bread And Flour. Chest of Books. June 29, 2010. .PR Newswire. Bacon, Sausage, Hot Dogs and Processed Meats Hike Cancer Risk by 6700% Due to Chemical Preservative, Says Nutritionist. Life Extension. (April 2005). June 30, 2010. .Smith, S.E. What Are Food Additives?. Wise Geek. June 28, 2010. Food Additives and Ingredients Association. The FAIA. (2010). June 28, 2010. Food Additives and Ingredients Association. Why Do We Need Food Additives. (2010). June 28, 2010. Lambert, Craig. The Way We Eat Now. Harvard Magazine. (2004). June 30, 2010. Weiss, Jean. 12 Food Additives to Avoid. Health Fitness. MSN. June 30, 2010. . Solomon H. Katz. Additives. Encyclopedia of Food Culture. Ed. Vol. 1. Gale Cengage, 2003. eNotes.com. 2006. 28 Jun, 2010 additives>.

Historical Overview of Us Govt’s Role in Long Term Healthcare

A Case Study: Why Illegal Immigration Is an Intergovernmental Mess and Will Remain So Debra Nance April 22, 2012 PMG 300 Critical Thinking Introduction: Along with religion and taxes, do not bring up illegal immigration at a dinner party unless you want heated discussions and grand exits along with lingering strained relationships. A discussion on illegal immigration leads to strong responses and strong emotions no matter what political party affiliation. There are those that blame the Feds for not guarding the borders well enough. And then there are others that blame the Feds for not defending the rights of all citizens.There are those that blame state and local governments for spending on services for â€Å"Illegals† that should be spent on â€Å"real† citizens. And then there are others that blame state and local governments for not taking better care of ALL of their citizens legal or illegal. While there are others who point the finger in anger at anyone who breaks the law and consider illegal immigration is just that – illegal. And yet others see America as a nation of immigrants and we should open our borders and welcome all in with open arms to citizenship – no matter how they got here.There is no middle ground – it is legal or illegal, right or wrong. People want something done by their government but what is the right direction for illegal immigration? I. Why have state and local governments become more active in regulating illegal immigrants during recent years? Our text refers to illegal immigration as â€Å"the mother of all unfunded mandates†. Once the immigrants cross the borders, (that the States believe are not being controlled adequately by the Federal Government), they fall under the jurisdiction of State and Local governments.State, County, and City Governments, as well as School Districts, bear the financial brunt of providing services for the immigrants in an economy that has services being cut for citizens. Schools are providing educations to children in the country illegally at a time that School Districts are already cutting budgets to be able to meet the needs to legal students. County Hospitals that are already underfunded to provide indigent and uninsured care for citizens are also providing health services for the immigrants.Local Law Enforcement and City and County jails deal with those immigrants that break the law and are having to absorb those costs until they can be handed off to Federal Immigration services for deportation. State and local governments have been handed the problem of illegal immigrants by the Federal government. The Feds are not funding the services that have to be provided to these people and yet Government – either elected official or civil servant – is doing nothing to strengthen enforcement of the laws to remove those that are here illegally or to strengthen the borders and immigration process to keep illegal immigrants out.For th e financial survival of many of our Border States; either illegal immigrants are breaking the law and need to leave the country or the laws need to be changed. This schizophrenic attitude towards immigration law enforcement has to stop – either the law has been broken or it has not and appropriate action needs to be taken. Either people are breaking the law and should be deported or they should be offered citizenship or the legal ability to stay. The States and Local Governments cannot afford to support illegal immigrant services and still take care of their own citizens.II. How does the design of American federalism lead to the types of intergovernmental conflicts found in the area of immigration? The Federal Government is responsible for Ports of Entry, Customs regulation, and Border Security. According to the Pew Hispanic Center, there were 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States in 2007. If that many people are able to live in the United States illegally , the Federal Government has failed in its obligations to protect the borders and enforce immigration laws.The argument then continues that if the Federal Government is unable to meet their obligations of protection of the borders and enforcement of legal naturalization, then there should be no Federal Mandate to the State and Local governments without funding to support it. Or if there is no funding and the States and Local governments have to then fund these services, States Rights and Local Government Rights should prevail on the decisions as to what services should or should not be offered. If the State or Local governments do not want to provide education or medical services to illegal immigrants then they should not have to do so.The Federal Government has a history of unfunded mandates to the States and County government. One example was in the 1970s with changes to Mental Health laws and providing of treatment services. Once it was determined in the courts that people could not be kept in mental hospitals if they were no danger to anyone else, and that they should be free to live their lives outside of institutions, the responsibility was shifted to the Community Mental Health service model. In this model, poor mentally ill people were to be treated in county outpatient clinics.Except like services for illegal immigrants, adequate funding was not provided to the States or to the Counties to support the model and now many poor mentally ill people are in jail or are homeless and not receiving any treatment. Conclusion: Illegal immigration will continue to be an emotional and heated topic no matter how it is resolved. Immigration deals with people and their lives. Once you put a face and name of someone you know as an illegal immigrant it is hard to be black and white about the law and enforcement of that law.I have friends whose parents are illegally in the country from Ireland and have been here for years. Granny and Pa just came for a visit and never w ent home. Even after the focus  on lapsed visas after 9/11 – they are still here. And if they were to admit they outstayed their visa – they would not be able to get back in the country. They are not hurting anyone and are being supported by their adult children and assist the family by providing childcare for the grandchildren. They pay for any services they use. But they are breaking the law. It is hard to think of these sweet old people being deported in handcuffs.I have sat with them for tea and eaten Granny's shortbread. But they are breaking the law and are no different from the Hispanic lady desperately trying to stay here long enough to give birth to an â€Å"Anchor Baby† that will be born with citizenship and allow her to stay in the States. (That same Anchor Baby that gets brought up over and over again on Conservative Talk Radio. ) How do I defend Granny and Pa's status and not also defend the lady with her anchor baby? Like those heated dinner part y discussions – there is no middle ground when it comes to illegal immigration.

Feminism In Their Eyes Were Watching God - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1074 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Did you like this example? In the 1930rs, there was a very academic, social, and artistic outbreak that took place in Harlem, New York. During the time the outbreak was called the New Negro Movement named by Alan Locke. Zora Neal Hurston says, But I am not tragically colored (Hurston 2), she is saying that it is not a bad thing that she is colored more like a good thing because she can use that to her advantage. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Feminism In Their Eyes Were Watching God" essay for you Create order In Their Eyes Were Watching God and How it feels to be Colored Me, both works talk about how it is difficult to be oppressed and it is hard to forget about those things. We can tell that in How it Feels to be Colored Me is why Hurston wrote the book. In Their Eyes Are Watching God, Zora Neal Hurston uses three major ideas: the freedom to express feminine voice, the freedom to search for your horizons, and freedom to stray from the accustomed society norms to convey that women want the capability to not be labeled as history says a woman should be. Janiers true voice and her capability to express herself shows us her freedom as a strong woman. When Janie was with Logan and Jody, she could not express herself because Logan and Jody muzzled her opinion, so she could not be heard. On the other hand, when Tea Cake came into Janiers life, he respected her voice and let her express it. Janie loved the conversation and sometimes she thought up good stories on the mule, but Joe had forbidden her to indulge. He didnt want her talking after such trashy people (Hurston 53). When Jody and Janie were married Jody would not let Janie join the conversation because he thought that they were not good enough for her by doing this it restricts her voice from its true potential. As Janie and Jodyrs marriage went on the restriction of Janiers voice just got worse. Time came when she fought back with her tongue as best, she could, but it didnt do her any good. It just made Joe do more. He wanted her submission and hed keep on fighting un til he felt he had it. So gradually, she pressed her teeth together and learned to hush (Hurston 71). As their marriage went on Janie figured out that there was no use in trying to fight back so she gave in to Jodyrs nonsense. Janie does not have any desire to express her voice after this because Jody has restricted her so much. In the Foreword, by Alaine Locke, says, Through You I entered Heaven and Hell knew rapture and despair. This means a woman does not get in to Heaven or Hell unless it is through a man/ They also can not know the emotions like rapture happiness or despair sadness. In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neal Hurston uses the imagery of the horizon a lot. In the novel the horizon is the finish line for Janie, in the bookrs entirety Janie is determined to reach the horizon so she can determine what her real self-worth is. Here Nanny had taken the biggest thing God ever made, the horizonfor no matter how far a person can go the horizon is still way beyond youand pinched it in to such a little bit of a thing that she could tie it about her grandmothers neck tight enough to choke her (Hurston 89). At this point in the book, Janie is mad at Nanny because she says that nanny took away her horizons by telling her how to marry instead of marrying for love but to marry for money. So Ahm back home agin and Ahm satisfied tuh be heah. Ah done been tuh de horizon and back and now Ah kin set heah in mah house and live by comparisons (Hurston 191). Now Janie has reached her horizon and she can say that she has found her true self and is her natural self . In How it Feels to be Colored Me, Hurston says, At certain times I have no race I belong to no race or time, I am the eternal feminine with its string of beads (Hurston . Hurston is saying its not that she does not want to be a woman, she wants the freedom to not be labeled as history says a woman should be but to be able to express your natural state of being. As the story goes on Janie goes from husband to husband and as she is going from husband to husband, she wants the freedom to stray from the accustomed path. For generations and generations women have followed the same rules and now she has enough to courage to do something different no matter how other people judge her or the punishment. What she doin coming back here in dem overhalls? Cant she find no dress to put on?-Wheres dat blue satin dress she left here in?-Betcha he off wid some gal so young she aint even got no hairs-why she dont stay in her class? (Hurston 2). When Janie returns to Eatonville after the death of Tea Cake, she does not act at all like a traditional woman would act and she does not care what anyone thinks because Janie knows that she has found her true self and is one-hundred percent confident in herself. Ah wants things sweet wid mah marriage lak when you sit under a pear tree and think. Ah (Hurston 24). This is when Janie talk to Nanny about the dec ision to marry Logan and how Janie does not love him. Janie wants her life to be under a pear tree and to be in love, but she never stops dreaming which is why she is different than other women. In the Foreword, by Alaine Locke says Douglas writings are a documenting of the feminine heart and that woman want the experience of love (Locke 17). He is saying that women do not want to marry for money, they want a real experience of what love is. In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neal Hurston portrays that women want the freedom to determine their actions and words without being told what to do or say by men. We can understand her work because she relates it to a relative topic to todays world. We can now understand what oppressing someoners voice does to a person and to avoid doing that to people in the world today.

Scenario Domestic Violence and Sexual Abuse Essay example

Case Study: Scenario 2 November 28, 2013 Charlene Douglas HSER 509-B17 Liberty University Dr. Izola Jones Scenario #2 Janet just completed her fourth divorce. She is in her early 30s. Her personal life is in chaos. She has children by three of her former husbands. Janet has struggled with addiction issues over the years including alcohol and drugs. She came from a very difficult family where her parents were alcoholics and often fought with each other. Her uncle sexually abused Janet on more than one occasion when he lived with the family during her early teen years. Janet’s problems with drugs and alcohol began as a teenager. Counseling is a process used to help another person to better handle their problems. When†¦show more content†¦Enlightenment and knowledge of the outside world is important. Maintaining a dire understanding of how one’s standards, values, assumptions, perceptions, and myths can be projected on clients is imperative to keep in mind. Open-mindedness allows me to accommodate clients’ feelings, attitudes, and behaviors that may be different from my own. It promotes honest communication. Therefore, I don’t have any kind of personal bias counseling this client. Goals for therapy include identify and address the client’s problems. Developing a substance†free environment. Help client cope with the emotional distress that the removal of substance abuse can cause. Uses a social†learning framework to conceptualize drinking and other substance abuse problems. Develop positive reinforcers for abstinence. Enhancing the functioning of the client intimate relationships. Developing effective communication and problem solving skills. Developing relapse prevention skills. Consolidate abstinence by focusing on resolving dysfunctional rules, roles, and alliances such as the sexual abuse and domestic violence from childhood. After sobriety is achieved, deepen intimacy through appropriate expression of suppressed feelings from the sexual abuse. The most important goal of therapy is achieve abstinence from drug and alcohol abuse. This is the most important goal because once sobriety is achieve you can focus on the real problemsShow Mo reRelatedWhat is Domestic Violence? Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesViolence is not a new thing, for centuries human beings have been violent one towards another. We as humans have to deal with different types of violence in every day life and some types of violence that we may experience are; child abuse, spousal abuse or domestic violence, violence directed towards elderly, sexual assault and harassment, professional misconduct, teen violence, murder is a act of violence, stalking in some way may be classified as type of violence. 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